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  The most used  flange  types according to ASME B16.5 are: Welding Neck flange, Slip On flange, Socket Weld flange, Lap Joint flange, Threaded flange and Blind flange. Slip-on Flanges  - are all bored slightly larger than the O.D. of the pipe. Weld Neck Flanges  - is normally referred to as the high hub flange. Blind Flanges  - available to seal both pipes and vessels Lap Joint Flanges  - available in a range of sizes to pair with stub end fittings for easy dismantling Threaded Flanges  - engineered to fit pipes with external threads for weld-free fits Socket-weld Flanges  - designed with a socket fit and top weld for ideal inner flow in pipe systems Custom pipe flanges can be manufactured from a wide variety of  materials  and material grades. Carbon Steel flanges - the main material is carbon steel flange or end flange connectors. Stainless Steel flanges - F304 F304L F316 F316L 316Ti, Copper etc. Alloy Steel flanges- accord to ASTM A182 F1, F5a, F9, F11, F12, F22, F91 Forged flange-

Welding Neck Flanges  are easy to recognize at the long tapered hub, that goes gradually over to the wall thickness from a pipe or fitting. The long tapered hub provides an important reinforcement for use in several applications involving high pressure, sub-zero and / or elevated temperatures. The smooth transition from flange thickness to pipe or fitting wall thickness effected by the taper is extremely beneficial, under conditions of repeated bending, caused by line expansion or other variable forces. These flanges are bored to match the inside diameter of the mating pipe or fitting so there will be no restriction of product flow. This prevents turbulence at the joint and reduces erosion. They also provide excellent stress distribution through the tapered hub and are easily radiographed for flaw detection. This flange type will be welded to a pipe or fitting with a single full penetration, V weld (Buttweld).

 Like casting processes, forging has also been used since the beginning of civilization to produce metallic goods. In its present form, forging is defined as the process in which metals are shaped using compressive forces.  The general steps of an open die forging process can be enumerated as follows: Rounding of Stock Primarily the heated metal is fixed to an anvil and compressed with lateral and/or vertical dies to form a cylindrical shape. This step is important because it grants structural stability and improves the physical strength of shaft forgings . Setting Dimensional Standards Simultaneous action of multiple dies results in the shaping of a cylindrical metal rod to the desired length, thickness, and shape. Appropriately sized dies are used to deform the bar along its length and provide it the thickness expected of the final shaft forgings .  Consequently, edging and fullering processes are conducted onto the stock. Here, the ends of the material are concentrated using a conca

  The Hot Forging Manufacturing Process The hot forging manufacturing process is performed at extreme high temperature (up to 1150 °C for steel, 360 to 520 °C for al-alloys, 700 to 800 °C for cu-alloys). This temperature is necessary in order to avoid strain hardening of the metal during deformation. Stamping is the most widespread hot forging manufacturing process, where the material is squeezed in a press, between a tool and a die surface. Advantages of Hot Forging The high temperature during hot forging enables the highest possible level of material deformation and the access to complex 3D geometries. Hot forged components possess increased ductility which makes them desirable for many configurations. Also, as a technique hot forging is more flexible than cold forging, since customized parts can be manufactured. The excellent surface quality allows a wide range of finishing work as polishing, coating or painting, tailored to customers’ specific need. Hot forging materials are availa

  Flanges  is a forged or cast ring of steel designed to connect mechanically sections of pipe or join pipe to a pump, valve, pressure vessel or any other piece of equipment. Stainless Steel Flanges And Carbon Steel Flanges & Alloy Steel Flanges provide easy access for modification, cleaning or inspection. A pipe flange connects piping and components in a piping system by use of bolted connections and gaskets. Most commonly used flanges are weld neck flange, slip on flange, blind flange, socket weld flange, threaded flange and lap joint flange . This type of connection in a pipe flange allows for ease of disassembly and separation for repair and regular maintenance. Most common specification for carbon steel and stainless steel flange is ANSI B16.5 / ASME B16.5.  Metal flanges are commonly used for industrial, commercial, and institutional application. Steel pipe flanges are available in variety of styles and pressure classes. Metal flanges are classified from 150 to 2500 # rating.